In 1992-1997 Ukraine reduced its sulphur dioxide emissions mainly due
to general decline of its economy.
Table 2.1. GDP as a key macroeconomic indicator
(% change from previous year) [Ref. 10]
| |
1992
|
1993
|
1994
|
1995
|
1996
|
1997
|
1998
|
1999
|
2000
|
| Growth, % |
-16.8
|
-14.0
|
-23.0
|
-12.5
|
-10.0
|
-3.2
|
-1.7
|
-0.4
|
6.0
|
It should be mentioned that the failures to impose the polluter pays
principle also could be regarded as a subsidy. The difference between the
EU rates of emission charges of energy-related pollutants, and Ukraine's
rates could be considered as implicit subsidies, table 2.4.
Table 2.2. Dynamics of SO2, NOX,
hydrocarbons and VOCs emissions in fuel and power industry in 1997-1998
.[Ref. 11]
| Criteria
pollutant |
Yearly
emissions, kt |
Share of total emissions
|
Change of emissions (as compared to the previous
year)
|
|
1997
|
1998
|
%
|
kt
|
%
|
| SO2 |
780.6
|
718.3
|
70.2
|
-62.3
|
-8.0
|
| NOx |
209.0
|
187.7
|
56.4
|
-21.3
|
-10.2
|
| Hydrocarbons and VOCs |
4.3
|
2.2
|
0.5
|
-2.1
|
-48.8
|
Table 2.3. Dynamics of SO2, NOX
hydrocarbons and VOCs emissions in fuel and power industry in 1998-1999
. [Ref. 12]
| Criteria
pollutant |
Yearly
emissions, kt |
Share of total
emissions |
Change
of emissions (as compared to the previous year) |
|
1998
|
1999
|
%
|
kt
|
%
|
| SO2 |
718.3
|
761.3
|
74
|
+43.0
|
+6.0
|
| NOx |
187.7
|
193.4
|
58.1
|
+5.7
|
+3.0
|
| Hydrocarbons and VOCs |
2.2
|
3.4
|
0.8
|
+1.2
|
+54.5
|