• Vector Value calculations and values
• Figure 1.1. Ukraine's trade by product group (1998, in %)
• Figure 1.2. GDP energy intensity by international comparison
• Table 1.1. Structure of Ukraine's industrial output within the two groups of sectors , %
• Table 1.2. Two scenarios of structural changes in Ukraine's industry
• Figure 1.3. Forecasts of carbon emissions in accordance with BAU and "clean" scenarios 

In July 1999 President Kuchma signed the Law "On Experiment in Mining and Metallurgical Sectors of Ukraine" that gave carbon intensive and polluting industries highly favourable tax and emissions charges breaks. Here are two more demonstrative examples. First, just recently our President signed the Law "On Changes to Several Laws of Ukraine Regarding the Taxation of Extraction and Selling of Rude Oil and some of its Derivatives", No.1962-III of September 21, 2000. In accordance with the law, a zero level custom duties on imported oil and zero level VAT on domestic oil have been set up. Second, in the State Budget of Ukraine for year 2001 subsidies for the fuel and energy resources consumption have been increased for 760 m UAH (or in 60%). 

Current subsidies in Ukrainian economy encourage over consumption of energy and material resources. By distorting the market prices, subsidies tilt the playing field in fervour of more resource intensive technologies, penalising efficiency measures and renewable energy sources. They also delay the adjustment that normally takes place as a commodity become scarcer. Moreover, policy of "dirty" subsidies caused environmentally unfriendly structural changes in Ukraine's economy, table 1.1: