Vector Value calculations and values

Table 5.1. Energy import and consumption in Ukraine.

 

1990 Total Consumption is 9,961.4 PJ, while import 5,350.5 PJ.

1995 Total Consumption is 6,878.1 PJ, while import 3,130.8 PJ.

Vector Value

1990: 5,350.5/8,987.6=0.60

1995: 3,130.8/6,193.4=0.51

Ukraine is import dependent country in terms of energy. Since Ukraine got independence in 1991 the question of energy independence was one of the primary issues of state security. Main source of energy import for Ukraine is Russia. Even when Ukraine buys fuel from the third parties (for example gas from Turkmenistan and oil from Kazakhstan) it is still transported through Russia. In 1995, 20.3% of coal, 72.4% of natural gas and 77.5% of crude oil consumed in Ukraine was imported . [Ref. 20]

Ukraine plays important role as a transit country for Russian oil and gas to Europe. Through the pipelines installed by the Soviet Union to support Central Europe Ukraine transported 123.6 bln cbm of gas and 56,5 m tones of oil transit in 2000.

Surprisingly, high dependence on energy imports does not lead to improvements in energy use efficiency. Ukraine energy use says extremely highly. This is caused by non-payment and reliance on energy extensive exporting industries as metallurgy.

For the period 1990-1995 Ukraine experienced sharp decrease of oil and gas import as a result of overall economic decline illustrated by the diagram 'Oil and Gas import to Ukraine' [Ref. 21]. In 2000 the country imported 5,8 m tons of oil, 2 m tones of coal and 60,7 bln cbm of gas.

None of the imported to Ukraine energy can be considered sustainable. The country imports coal, oil and gas, and not electricity. Ukraine can technically import energy from Russia where share of renewable energy is paltry.

Decline in energy import is not the result of increased domestic production. It is solely the result of fallen demand due to the economic crisis. Domestic energy production was not falling as fast as demand and energy import was the first source to skip. As a result, relative value of energy import has decrease. However, decline of energy import to Ukraine did not decrease dependence on donor countries (first of all Russia).